The ordinary men behind an extraordinary legacy
Jeremy Clarkson is most famous for Ferraris and tractors, and he’s not everybody’s cup of tea. But 20 years ago he narrated a first-class BBC documentary called The Greatest Raid of All Time. This tale of once-ordinary people pulling off an impossible wartime challenge is one for the ages. Now, more than eight decades later, that tale is once again finding an echo in the modern world.
The greatest raid of all
First, the story. In March 1942, Britain faced a serious problem. The German battleship Tirpitz threatened its shipping. But the giant ship did have an achilles heel. The enormous Normandie Dock at St Nazaire was the only dry dock on the Atlantic coast capable of accommodating her. Destroy the dock, and Germany would have to think very carefully about risking Tirpitz in the Atlantic.
The British response was code-named Operation Chariot. An obsolete destroyer, HMS Campbeltown, passed through the English Channel, then headed south to the heavily defended Loire estuary. The audacious plan was to head upstream and ram the dock gates. Hidden inside the destroyer were tonnes of explosives and delayed-action fuses.
What happened?
In the early hours of 28th March, Campbeltown struck the dock gates at speed. Commandos jumped ashore under intense fire and began destroying machinery and pumping stations. Hours later, the explosives hidden inside the destroyer detonated. The Normandie Dock was put out of action for the remainder of the war. Tirpitz never entered the Atlantic.

The price was appalling
Of the roughly 600 sailors and commandos involved, 169 were killed and more than 200 taken prisoner. Five Victoria Crosses were later awarded. Clarkson’s documentary tells their story better than we can here, and I’ve included a link below. What stayed with me, however, wasn’t imagining the ships, the explosives or even the extraordinary plan.
It was the men.
From ordinary lives to extraordinary circumstances
The commandos of the Second World War were drawn from all walks of life – aristocrats and labourers, professionals and tradesmen, factory workers, miners and fishermen. They worked in bustling towns, little villages, factories, farms and offices. Then history intervened. Together they were to become famous for their brand of individuality, instinctive thinking and initiative.
Achnacarry and the commando mindset
In 1940, Winston Churchill called for special troops who could carry the war into enemy-occupied Europe. In 1942, training was focused at Achnacarry, near Fort William in Scotland. In the next four years, around 24,000 commandos passed through. They included not only Brits but men from friendly nations including Norway, the Netherlands, Poland, Denmark, France, Belgium and the United States.
They arrived at Spean Bridge railway station and entered a landscape that would become inseparable from the commando story. The mountains, lochs and Highland weather became part of their training. Physical endurance mattered, but Achnacarry did something more profound. It developed a mindset.
Men had to keep functioning when tired, cold and uncomfortable. They learned to rely upon one another, to make decisions under pressure and to continue when things were going badly. And they learned that the group mattered more than the individual. Men from different nations and backgrounds discovered that hardship could erase many of the things separating them.
An international brotherhood
The commando story was never just British. Allied servicemen trained alongside British commandos and later carried their experience into occupied Europe and beyond. Some of the military traditions that emerged still survive within those armed forces today.
Military heritage, shared across nations
The landscape around Spean Bridge is special for anyone connected to the commando community. Veterans return, serving commandos visit, and families come to learn what their fathers and grandfathers experienced. Unveiled in 1952, the three bronze figures of the Commando Memorial look across to the mountains where these men trained.
The room at the hotel
During the war, commandos returning from operations started leaving items of interest at the Spean Bridge Hotel. Over decades, the Ferguson family displayed these objects, and what began informally developed into a cherished collection. A formal commando exhibition at the hotel opened in 1993, as a joint initiative between the hotel’s owner and the Commando Association.

In time, the hotel’s future became uncertain and it eventually closed. Fortunately, the collection had been catalogued and placed into secure storage. The intention was that one day it should return to public view. In the meantime, a police raid on the building revealed a cannabis farm. The place where irreplaceable pieces of commando history were displayed had hit rock bottom.
Heritage does not preserve itself
Once we had the voices of the men themselves to tell their story. If we wanted to understand what happened at St Nazaire, Achnacarry, or countless other places, there were people who could tell us. Gradually, those voices are falling silent. After all, a photograph without its story becomes simply a photograph.
There comes a point when preserving history requires something permanent. This is what the commando community is now facing.
A permanent international home
The International Commando Heritage Trust was set up to address this challenge. At its heart is an ambitious project: the creation of an International Commando Heritage Centre near the memorial at Spean Bridge. ICHT’s vision is for a semi-subterranean building designed to respect one of the site’s greatest assets – the view across the historic training landscape. Its designs have already won architectural awards.

The Trust is developing the project in three phases. Funding for the pre-planning phase is nearly done. The next stage will open the way to wider government, institutional and public support.
So the collection that once sat in the hotel can return to public view. The stories behind those objects can be told. Veterans and families can have a safe place for their photographs and artefacts. Visitors can see that the three figures standing above Spean Bridge were real people – not mythical supermen, but individuals who volunteered to do something extraordinarily difficult.
In 2040, a century will have passed since Winston Churchill called for the formation of the commandos. When that centenary arrives, the generation that created history will have passed from living memory. We won’t be able to ask, “What happened? What were you frightened of? How did you keep going?”
Their answers will survive only in the recordings, photographs, documents, artefacts and stories that we choose to protect. It’s our responsibility.
The new centre will also tell an international story. That may ultimately prove one of Achnacarry’s most enduring legacies. It once brought together young men from different nations and gave them a unifying purpose. Perhaps its role in the next century can be to bring those nations together again – not in war, but through remembrance, education, heritage and comradeship.
Learn more












